Maternal Cardiovascular Health After Complicated Pregnancies: Insights from Preeclampsia and IUGR Cases in Pakistan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65761/pjcr.2024.1.1.10Keywords:
Preeclampsia, IUGR, Cardiovascular Risk, Postpartum HealthAbstract
The objective of this study was to examine the long term maternal cardiovascular effects of complicated pregnancies, like preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) on women in Pakistan. The study was conducted as comparative cross-sectional from January 2023 to January 2024 at General Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. The study involved 180 postpartum women aged 20–45 years, 90 women who had suffered from preeclampsia or IUGR (study group) and 90 with uncomplicated pregnancies (control group). Blood pressure, lipid profile and serum biomarkers (hs-CRP and homocysteine) and echocardiographic parameters (LVMI and CIMT) were used for cardiovascular assessments. SPSS version 23 was used to analyse the data and a p-value ≤ 0.05 significant. Blood pressure systolic and diastolic, LDL, triglycerides, hsCRP and homocysteine levels were significantly increased, in women with previous preeclampsia or IUGR compared with controls (p < 0.05). The study group had also more prevalent subclinical cardiovascular changes such as increased CIMT and early diastolic dysfunction. This suggests that women who had complicated pregnancies may be at increased risk of long-term cardiovascular disease. Importantly, the study establishes a strong association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and subsequent cardiovascular risk to the mother. Women with a history of preeclampsia or IUGR should be prioritized for early postpartum screening and long-term cardiovascular monitoring to mitigate the cardiovascular disease risk.
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