Estimate the Influence of CK-MM and CRP Level in Lower Extremity Bone Fracture Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65761/pjcr.2026.348Keywords:
C-reactive protein; creatine kinase-MM; bone fracture; lower extremity; inflammation; biomarkersAbstract
Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) and creatine kinase-MM (CK-MM) are laboratory biomarkers associated with inflammation and muscle injury. Their patterns in patients with lower extremity fractures may provide information about associated tissue damage.
Objective: To assess CRP and CK-MM findings among adults with lower extremity bone fractures.
Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study included 105 adults aged 20–70 years with lower extremity fractures following road traffic accidents, falls, or slipping. Blood samples were collected at Zia Darman Clinical Laboratory, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, from January 1 to April 30, 2025. CRP was assessed qualitatively using latex agglutination, while CK-MM was measured spectrophotometrically using a Micro-Lab 200. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: Of 105 patients, 76 (72.4%) were male and 29 (27.6%) female. Fractures involved the hip joint in 37 (35.2%) patients, femur in 35 (33.3%), and tibia in 33 (31.4%). Combined CRP and CK-MM positivity was reported in 68 (64.8%) patients. Positivity rates were 22/37 (59.5%) for hip joint fractures, 21/35 (60.0%) for femoral fractures, and 25/33 (75.8%) for tibial fractures. Differences across fracture sites were not statistically significant (χ²=2.34, df=2, p=0.312). Elevated CK-MM was observed in 24 (22.9%) patients.
Conclusion: CRP and CK-MM positivity was observed among patients with lower extremity fractures, with the highest proportion in tibial fractures. However, differences between fracture sites were not statistically significant. Further controlled studies with standardized sampling are needed to clarify their clinical significance.
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